Publication

This paper addresses the European Commission’s proposed ‘recast’ of the EU’s Dual-use Regulation—the main regulatory instrument for EU member states’ controls on the trade in dual-use items. More specifically, the author discusses 1) the existing relationship between human rights, international humanitarian law (IHL), terrorism and dual-use export controls; 2) the origins of debate on the application of export controls to cyber-surveillance technology; 3) the related measures that have been adopted within the Wassenaar Arrangement and the EU; 4) assesses the aspects of the Commission’s proposal that focus on human rights, IHL, terrorism and cyber-surveillance technology, and more.