Publication

This monograph presents a reconstruction of the way in which the image of Islamist crusading underwent enormous changes in the 20th century. It describes the interactions between Western and Islamic worlds and how their relations began to heat up over a period of prolonged contact. The author studied how Islamist terrorist leaders like Osama bin Laden and Osama bin Munqidh used the historic christian crusades to inspire the contemporary hostility towards the western world.