Publication

This paper contends that while the prevailing narrative in the US is that the the Popular Mobilization Forces (PMF) in Iraq are an arm of Iran, this misses the bigger picture. The PMF is includes an assortment of Iraq’s multi-ethnic and multi-religious population. These are mostly Shiite Muslim groups, but also include Sunni Muslims, Christians and Yazidis. They were also the major forces that defeated the Islamic State in Iraq. The text’s author concludes that the current US military escalation against the PMF, including Christian militia, may empower the Islamic State once more and lead to the expulsion of Iraq’s remaining Christians.