Publication

This paper examines the growing threats posed by hybrid warfare (HW) to nation states. In particular, the author discusses 1) what constitutes HW; 2) the hybrid warfare policies that Russia and the so-called Islamic State (IS) are using to pursue their aims; 3) the way in which HW embodies Clausewitz's ideas on attacking an enemy's "center of gravity"; 4) how hybrid warfare relates to the concept of Anti-Access/Area Denial in conflicts; and 5) the need for NATO and the EU to develop resilient counter-HW strategies.