Publication

This bulletin analyzes the nature of sanctions implemented by the EU, identifying three different types. These include 1) sanctions implemented to comply with UN Security Council-mandated measures, 2) sanctions that complement existing UN sanctions, and 3) EU autonomous sanctions applied in absence of UN sanctions. The authors examine when each type is adopted in relation to the timing of UN sanctions, the aims and contexts of each type, and the legitimacy of the different types of sanctions. In particular, they stress the highly controversial nature of sanctions implemented outside of UN Security Council resolutions.