Publication

This paper analyzes how Jihadi revisionism has led al-Jama'a and al-Jihad to forego violence, with the consequence of shifting Egypt's Islamist spectrum toward moderation. After years of violent confrontation with the Egyptian government and society, and defeat by the country's security forces, al-Jama'a al-Islamiya and, later, segments of al-Jihad have accepted their failure to radically change society and politics, and to recognize the harm that their violent activities have inflicted on Muslims and non-Muslims alike.