Series

The Carnegie Middle East Center is a public policy research center based in Beirut, Lebanon, established by the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace in 2006. The Middle East Center Papers are concerned with the challenges facing political and economic development and reform in the Arab Middle East and aim to better inform the process of political change in the region and deepen understanding of the complex issues that affect it.

Publishers:	Carnegie Middle East Center
Publications:	The Transformation of the Iraqi-Syrian Border: From a National to a Regional Frontier The Popular Mobilization Forces and Iraq´s Future Coming Home? A Political Settlement in Syria Must Focus on Refugees How Regional Security Concerns Uniquely Constrain Governance in Northeastern Syria Local Wars and the Chance for Decentralized Peace in Syria Too Big to Fail: Egypt´s Large Enterprises after the 2011 Uprising Eastern Expectations: The Changing Dynamics in Syria´s Tribal Regions Egypt´s Regime Faces an Authoritarian Catch-22 Dilemmas of Reform: Policing in Arab Transitions Strength in Weakness: The Syrian Army's Accidental Resilience The Sunni Predicament in Iraq A Quiet Revolution: The Tunisian Military After Ben Ali Loyalties and Group Formation in the Lebanese Officer Corps Shia-Centric State-Building and Sunni Rejection in Post 2003 Iraq An Unhappy Marriage: Civil-Military Relations in Post-Saddam Iraq Kurdistan’s Political Armies: The Challenge of Unifying the Peshmerga Forces For Money or Liberty? The Political Economy of Military Desertion and Rebel Recruitment in the Syrian Civil War Refugees in the Making of an Arab Regional Disorder Early Spring in Jordan: The Revolt of the Military Veterans Assad's Officer Ghetto: Why the Syrian Army Remains Loyal Women in the Men's House: The Road to Equality in the Algerian Military Egypt's Escalating Islamist Insurgency Market for Jihad: Radicalization in Tunisia Low-Cost Authoritarianism: The Egyptian Regime and Labor Movement Since 2013 Jordan's Refugee Crisis Kurdistan's Politicized Society Confronts a Sultanistic System The Assad Regime's Hold on the Syrian State The Islamic State's Strategy: Lasting and Expanding Crumbling States: Security Sector Reform in Libya and Yemen Qatar and the Recalibration of Power in the Gulf The Economics of Egypt's Rising Authoritarian Order Kuwaiti Salafism and its Growing Influence in the Levant From Transformation to Mediation Egypt's Post-Mubarak Predicament In the Crossfire: Islamist's Travails in Tunisia Tehran Calling: Understanding a New Iranian Leadership The Private Sector in Postrevolution Egypt A Review of Citizenship Education in Arab Nations The Syrian Opposition's Leadership Problem The Price of Stability in Algeria Contested Consolidation of Power in Iraq Can Lebanon Survive the Syrian Crisis? Religious Education and Pluralism in Egypt and Tunisia Above the State: The Officers' Republic in Egypt Libya's Troubled Transition The Economic Agenda of the Islamist Parties The Arab World's Education Report Card Tunisia's Economic Challenges Challenges of Egypt's Economic Transition Education for Citizenship in the Arab World Policing the People, Building the State: Authoritarian Transformation in the West Bank and Gaza Morocco's Experience with Poverty Reduction Building Cooperation in the Eastern Middle East Trading High Unemployment for Bad Jobs Sovereign Wealth Funds and the Santiago Principles The Arab State From Violence to Moderation The Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood Between Government and Opposition Fixing Broken Windows Managing Arab Sovereign Wealth in Turbulent Times - and Beyond The Oil Boom in the GCC Countries, 2002-2008 European Conflict Management in the Middle East In the Shadow of the Brothers When Money Talks Salafism and Radical Politics in Postconflict Algeria The Middle East: Evolution of a Broken Regional Order EU and U.S. Free Trade Agreements in the Middle East and North Africa Algeria Under Bouteflika Lebanon's Sunni Islamists The Political Economy of Reform in Egypt Rethinking Economic Reform in Jordan Kuwait: Politics in a Participatory Emirate Women in Islamist Movements The Challenge of Economic Reform in the Arab World

Publishers:

Carnegie Middle East Center

Publications:

The Transformation of the Iraqi-Syrian Border: From a National to a Regional Frontier
The Popular Mobilization Forces and Iraq´s Future
Coming Home? A Political Settlement in Syria Must Focus on Refugees
How Regional Security Concerns Uniquely Constrain Governance in Northeastern Syria
Local Wars and the Chance for Decentralized Peace in Syria
Too Big to Fail: Egypt´s Large Enterprises after the 2011 Uprising
Eastern Expectations: The Changing Dynamics in Syria´s Tribal Regions
Egypt´s Regime Faces an Authoritarian Catch-22
Dilemmas of Reform: Policing in Arab Transitions
Strength in Weakness: The Syrian Army's Accidental Resilience
The Sunni Predicament in Iraq
A Quiet Revolution: The Tunisian Military After Ben Ali
Loyalties and Group Formation in the Lebanese Officer Corps
Shia-Centric State-Building and Sunni Rejection in Post 2003 Iraq
An Unhappy Marriage: Civil-Military Relations in Post-Saddam Iraq
Kurdistan’s Political Armies: The Challenge of Unifying the Peshmerga Forces
For Money or Liberty? The Political Economy of Military Desertion and Rebel Recruitment in the Syrian Civil War
Refugees in the Making of an Arab Regional Disorder
Early Spring in Jordan: The Revolt of the Military Veterans
Assad's Officer Ghetto: Why the Syrian Army Remains Loyal
Women in the Men's House: The Road to Equality in the Algerian Military
Egypt's Escalating Islamist Insurgency
Market for Jihad: Radicalization in Tunisia
Low-Cost Authoritarianism: The Egyptian Regime and Labor Movement Since 2013
Jordan's Refugee Crisis
Kurdistan's Politicized Society Confronts a Sultanistic System
The Assad Regime's Hold on the Syrian State
The Islamic State's Strategy: Lasting and Expanding
Crumbling States: Security Sector Reform in Libya and Yemen
Qatar and the Recalibration of Power in the Gulf
The Economics of Egypt's Rising Authoritarian Order
Kuwaiti Salafism and its Growing Influence in the Levant
From Transformation to Mediation
Egypt's Post-Mubarak Predicament
In the Crossfire: Islamist's Travails in Tunisia
Tehran Calling: Understanding a New Iranian Leadership
The Private Sector in Postrevolution Egypt
A Review of Citizenship Education in Arab Nations
The Syrian Opposition's Leadership Problem
The Price of Stability in Algeria
Contested Consolidation of Power in Iraq
Can Lebanon Survive the Syrian Crisis?
Religious Education and Pluralism in Egypt and Tunisia
Above the State: The Officers' Republic in Egypt
Libya's Troubled Transition
The Economic Agenda of the Islamist Parties
The Arab World's Education Report Card
Tunisia's Economic Challenges
Challenges of Egypt's Economic Transition
Education for Citizenship in the Arab World
Policing the People, Building the State: Authoritarian Transformation in the West Bank and Gaza
Morocco's Experience with Poverty Reduction
Building Cooperation in the Eastern Middle East
Trading High Unemployment for Bad Jobs
Sovereign Wealth Funds and the Santiago Principles
The Arab State
From Violence to Moderation
The Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood
Between Government and Opposition
Fixing Broken Windows
Managing Arab Sovereign Wealth in Turbulent Times - and Beyond
The Oil Boom in the GCC Countries, 2002-2008
European Conflict Management in the Middle East
In the Shadow of the Brothers
When Money Talks
Salafism and Radical Politics in Postconflict Algeria
The Middle East: Evolution of a Broken Regional Order
EU and U.S. Free Trade Agreements in the Middle East and North Africa
Algeria Under Bouteflika
Lebanon's Sunni Islamists
The Political Economy of Reform in Egypt
Rethinking Economic Reform in Jordan
Kuwait: Politics in a Participatory Emirate
Women in Islamist Movements
The Challenge of Economic Reform in the Arab World